The Nature of Truth, 2e

Classic and Contemporary Perspectives

ISBN: 9780262362092 | Copyright 2021

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Contents (pg. v)
Preface to the Second Edition: Truth in a Post-Truth Age (pg. ix)
Acknowledgments (pg. xiii)
Original Sources (pg. xv)
I. Correspondence Theories (pg. xv)
II. Coherence Theories (pg. xv)
III. Pragmatist and Verificationist Theories (pg. xv)
IV. Tarski’s Theory and Its Importance (pg. xvi)
V. Deflationary Theories (pg. xvi)
VI. Primitivist and Identity Theories (pg. xvii)
VII. Pluralist and Replacement Theories (pg. xvii)
Introduction: The Metaphysics of Truth (pg. 1)
Further Reading (pg. 5)
I. Correspondence Theories (pg. 7)
Introduction (pg. 9)
Note (pg. 13)
Further Reading (pg. 13)
1. Truth and Falsehood (pg. 17)
2. Truth (pg. 23)
1 (pg. 23)
2 (pg. 23)
3 (pg. 25)
4 (pg. 28)
5 (pg. 29)
6 (pg. 30)
7 (pg. 32)
Notes (pg. 32)
3. A Realist Conception of Truth (pg. 37)
Introduction (pg. 37)
The Choice of Truth-Bearers (pg. 38)
How to Formulate the Realist Conception of Truth (pg. 40)
A Defense of the Realist Conception of Truth (pg. 42)
Does the Account Go Far Enough? (pg. 43)
Epistemological Objections to the Realist Conception (pg. 45)
Epistemic Conceptions of Truth (pg. 49)
Notes (pg. 55)
References (pg. 56)
4. On Truth (pg. 57)
1. The Plan (pg. 57)
2. Stabilizing Functions and Constructions (pg. 58)
3. Indicatives, Imperatives, and Interrogatives (pg. 59)
4. Sellars and the Translation Rubric: “ ‘___’ (in L) Means …” (pg. 60)
5. Strawson on Assertions of Identity; LTOBC on “Exists” (pg. 62)
6. Some Puzzling Conjunctions (pg. 63)
7. Conditionals (pg. 64)
8. Functions and Truth Conditions for “That p Is True” and for “s Is True” (pg. 65)
9. The Function of “s Is True” (pg. 66)
10. Truth Conditions for “s Is True” (pg. 67)
11. Truth Conditions for Sentences in Different Modalities (pg. 68)
Notes (pg. 69)
References (pg. 70)
5. In Search of a Substantive Theory of Truth (pg. 71)
I. The Disunity of Truth (pg. 73)
II. The Unity of Truth (pg. 83)
III. Conclusion (pg. 94)
Notes (pg. 95)
II. Coherence Theories (pg. 101)
Introduction (pg. 103)
Further Reading (pg. 104)
6. Coherence as the Nature of Truth (pg. 107)
1 (pg. 107)
2 (pg. 107)
3 (pg. 108)
4 (pg. 109)
5 (pg. 110)
6 (pg. 111)
7 (pg. 111)
8 (pg. 112)
9 (pg. 113)
10 (pg. 115)
11 (pg. 115)
12 (pg. 116)
13 (pg. 117)
14 (pg. 118)
15 (pg. 119)
16 (pg. 119)
Notes (pg. 120)
7. The Coherence Theory (pg. 121)
I (pg. 121)
II (pg. 125)
III (pg. 136)
Notes (pg. 145)
References (pg. 147)
III. Pragmatist and Verificationist Theories (pg. 149)
Introduction (pg. 151)
Classical Pragmatism: Peirce, James, and Misak (pg. 151)
Dummett and Verificationist Anti-realism (pg. 153)
Contemporary Pragmatism: Putnam and Rorty (pg. 154)
Notes (pg. 156)
Further Reading (pg. 156)
8. How to Make Our Ideas Clear (pg. 159)
I (pg. 159)
II (pg. 162)
III (pg. 167)
IV (pg. 168)
Notes (pg. 172)
9. Pragmatism’s Conception of Truth (pg. 173)
Notes (pg. 185)
10. Truth, Inquiry, and Experience: A Pragmatist Epistemology (pg. 187)
Peirce, Truth, and the End of Inquiry (pg. 187)
Philosophy, Practice, and Correspondence (pg. 188)
Bivalence (pg. 195)
Convergence and the End of Inquiry (pg. 197)
Notes (pg. 204)
References (pg. 205)
11. Truth (pg. 209)
12. Two Philosophical Perspectives (pg. 225)
Internalism and Relativism (pg. 228)
Notes (pg. 230)
13. Is Truth a Goal of Inquiry? Donald Davidson versus Crispin Wright (pg. 231)
Notes (pg. 246)
IV. Tarski’s Theory and Its Importance (pg. 255)
Introduction (pg. 257)
Notes (pg. 260)
Further Reading (pg. 261)
14. The Semantic Conception of Truth and the Foundations of Semantics (pg. 265)
I. Exposition (pg. 265)
II. Polemical Remarks (pg. 278)
Notes (pg. 285)
References (pg. 289)
15. Tarski’s Theory of Truth (pg. 291)
I (pg. 291)
II (pg. 296)
III (pg. 299)
IV (pg. 302)
V (pg. 309)
Notes (pg. 313)
V. Deflationary Theories (pg. 317)
Introduction (pg. 319)
The Redundancy Theory (pg. 320)
The Performative Theory (pg. 321)
Disquotationalism (pg. 321)
Prosententialism (pg. 323)
Minimalism (pg. 324)
Substitutionalism (pg. 324)
Fictionalism (pg. 325)
Major Objections to Deflationary Theories (pg. 326)
Notes (pg. 328)
Further Reading (pg. 330)
16. The Nature of Truth (pg. 335)
1. What Is Truth? (pg. 335)
Notes (pg. 343)
17. Truth (pg. 345)
I (pg. 345)
II (pg. 346)
III (pg. 350)
IV (pg. 355)
Notes (pg. 357)
18. Truth (pg. 359)
1. Vehicles of Truth (pg. 359)
2. Truth as Disquotation (pg. 360)
3. Paradox (pg. 362)
4. Tarski’s Construction (pg. 363)
5. Paradox Skirted (pg. 364)
Notes (pg. 365)
19. Transparent Truth as a Logical Property (pg. 367)
1. Transparent Truth (pg. 367)
2. Deflationary Truth as a ‘Logical Property’ (pg. 368)
3. Logical Vocabulary as Universal (pg. 369)
4. Two Sorts of Logical Properties (pg. 370)
5. Transparent Truth as a Logical Property (pg. 372)
6. Some Objections and Replies (pg. 374)
7. Concluding Remarks (pg. 375)
Notes (pg. 375)
References (pg. 377)
20. The Prosentential Theory: Further Reflections on Locating Our Interest in Truth (pg. 379)
1. The Prosentential Theory (pg. 379)
2. Separation (pg. 382)
3. What Is a Theory of Truth? (pg. 383)
4. Linguistic Competence and the Concept of Truth (pg. 386)
5. Explanatory Role (pg. 389)
Notes (pg. 393)
References (pg. 395)
21. A Defense of Minimalism (pg. 397)
Notes (pg. 408)
22. A Substitutional Theory of Truth, Reference, and Semantic Correspondence (pg. 413)
I. A Substitutional Theory of Truth (pg. 414)
II. A Substitutional Theory of Semantic Relations (pg. 419)
III. Substitutionalism and Reduction (pg. 420)
IV. Substitutionalism and the Laws of Folk Psychology (pg. 424)
Notes (pg. 427)
References (pg. 428)
23. Deflationism as Alethic Fictionalism via a SPIF Account of Truth-Talk (pg. 429)
1. T-Deflationism and Representational Aides (pg. 429)
2. Semantic Pretense-Involving Fictionalism (pg. 430)
3. Our SPIF Account of Truth-Talk (pg. 432)
4. Conclusions (pg. 444)
Notes (pg. 447)
References (pg. 451)
24. Truth and Insubstantiality: The Metaphysics of Deflationism (pg. 455)
1. Moderate Deflationism versus Pure Deflationism (pg. 455)
2. Three Constraints (pg. 456)
3. Truth’s Insubstantiality: Locating the Core Theses (pg. 458)
4. Understanding Moderate Deflationism (pg. 467)
Notes (pg. 468)
References (pg. 471)
25. The Use of Force against Deflationism: Assertion and Truth (pg. 475)
I. Deflating Truth (pg. 476)
II. Truth and the Force of Assertion (pg. 482)
III. Assertion as Taking-True (pg. 491)
Notes (pg. 498)
References (pg. 501)
VI. Primitivist and Identity Theories (pg. 503)
Introduction (pg. 505)
Primitivist Theories (pg. 505)
Identity Theories (pg. 507)
Further Reading (pg. 507)
26. The Folly of Trying to Define Truth (pg. 511)
Notes (pg. 523)
27. Primitivism about Truth (pg. 525)
1. Introduction (pg. 525)
2. What Is Primitivism? (pg. 525)
3. Arguments for Primitivism (pg. 528)
4. Objections to Primitivism (pg. 534)
5. Connections to Metaphysics (pg. 536)
Notes (pg. 537)
References (pg. 537)
28. Truth: The Identity Theory (pg. 539)
I (pg. 539)
II (pg. 544)
Notes (pg. 549)
References (pg. 553)
VII. Pluralist and Replacement Theories (pg. 555)
Introduction (pg. 557)
Pluralist Theories (pg. 557)
Replacement Theories (pg. 560)
Notes (pg. 562)
Further Reading (pg. 562)
29. Minimalism, Deflationism, Pragmatism, Pluralism (pg. 567)
1. Minimalism and Deflationism: An Overview (pg. 567)
2. The Inflationary Argument (pg. 570)
3. Pragmatism and Pluralism (I): Peirce and Putnam (pg. 573)
4. Pragmatism and Pluralism (II): Superassertibility (pg. 582)
5. Superassertibility as a Model of Truth (pg. 588)
Notes (pg. 590)
30. Three Questions for Truth Pluralism (pg. 597)
1. Three Questions (pg. 597)
2. What Makes a Theory a Theory of Truth? (pg. 598)
3. A Functional Analysis (pg. 600)
4. The Nature of Truth: Four Initial Options (pg. 602)
5. Truth as Immanent (pg. 605)
6. Plain Truth (pg. 608)
7. Conclusion (pg. 613)
Notes (pg. 613)
References (pg. 615)
31. Truth, Winning, and Simple Determination Pluralism (pg. 619)
1. Winning and Truth, Unity and Plurality (pg. 619)
2. Winning: A Proposal (pg. 620)
3. Truth: Simple Determination Pluralism (pg. 621)
4. Advantages of Simple Determination Pluralism (pg. 623)
5. Conclusion (pg. 625)
Notes (pg. 626)
References (pg. 627)
32. Austere Truth Pluralism (pg. 629)
1. Truth Pluralism: Strong versus Moderate (pg. 629)
2. Convenient Truth: The One-Many Duality of Generic Truth (pg. 631)
3. Return of the Many: The Unity of Truth Grounded by the Plurality of Its Grounds (pg. 632)
4. Austere Truth Pluralism (pg. 635)
5. Applying Austere Truth Pluralism: Mixed Compounds and Mixed Inferences (pg. 639)
6. Austere Truth Pluralism: Further Reflections (pg. 644)
7. Conclusion (pg. 650)
Notes (pg. 650)
References (pg. 654)
33. Deflationism, Pluralism, Expressivism, Pragmatism (pg. 657)
Deflationism (pg. 657)
A Threatened Pluralism (pg. 658)
Frege’s Reaction (pg. 659)
Deflationism Compromised? (pg. 660)
A Normative Approach (pg. 661)
A Different Pluralism (pg. 663)
Beliefs and Their Mental and Social Neighbors (pg. 666)
Truth Again (pg. 668)
Notes (pg. 669)
References (pg. 670)
34. Conceptual Engineering and Replacements for Truth (pg. 671)
1. Conceptual Engineering (pg. 671)
2. Two Traditions on Truth (pg. 674)
3. Truth Platitudes (pg. 675)
4. The Nightmare (pg. 680)
5. If There Is No Property of Being True, Then What Is There? (pg. 681)
6. New Aletheic Concepts (pg. 686)
Notes (pg. 688)
References (pg. 690)
35. Keeping “True”: A Case Study in Conceptual Ethics (pg. 693)
I. Introduction (pg. 693)
II. Inconsistency and Revisionism (pg. 694)
III. Eklund’s Refrain and Scharp’s Complaint (pg. 698)
IV. Retaining Truth: Circularity and Regress (pg. 703)
V. Constructing a Kickable Ladder (pg. 707)
VI. Coda (pg. 710)
Notes (pg. 711)
References (pg. 717)
Contributors (pg. 719)
Index (pg. 721)
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